Waste and Material Flows

This thematic area mostly focuses on the implementation of the waste hierarchy, also taking the larger perspective of material resource flows. To address the many challenges linked with material resource and waste management, it is important to understand what the best practices leading to high performances are. A better understanding of how different policies and local instruments impacts local performances can contribute to identify key recommendations, by conducting consistent comparisons and benchmarks. It is also important to connect these topics with more transversal topic such as climate change, to better identify key priorities. Despite some progress made in the past 20 years, material resource and waste management is still underperforming in Europe. While the domestic material consumption decreased since the start of the millennium, also because of the economic crisis of 2008, it has remained quite stable for the past 10 years. There are still significant differences among and within Member State regarding the performances of waste management systems. It is unclear how much the prevention strategies and actions led in Europe for the past decades had an impact on waste generation, when they should be the priority of material resource strategies, considering that the benefits yielded from waste recycling on climate change hardly compensates the impact linked with the extraction of resources and the manufacturing of products.